Diseño experimental aplicado al análisis de ventaja competitiva en agronegocios: modelo de Porter Experimental design applied to competitive advantage analysis in agribusinesses: porter’s model

The present article discusses and utilizes an experimental design that applies SPPS in a lineal regression in which competitiveness represents the dependent variable and technology, commercialization, and exports are the independent variables. The experimental design is consisted in analyzing the variables running through a “Godness of Fitness”, to one another and compared to the dependent variable. Thus, the model allows for analyzing the correlation levels of each variable adjusted to the Godness of Fitness.


INTRODUCTION
The conceptual term of competitivenes was firstly established in the 16th century according to the theories of international trade based upon the several comparisions among the countries. The theorical framework was introduced by 17 th Century over the coming to international trade by that time, competitive advantages covered the richness produced by a given country based upon the economic factors of production, namely, labor, capital and land. Up to now the literature review on competitiveness touches regional Revista Científica Biológico Agropecuaria Tuxpan 6 (1) ISSN: 2007-6940 28 development that covers the environmental agenda nowadays. Thus, the current definition of competitiveness is defined as the global economic objective that touches on the social, enviromental, political and insttutional traits to make up for the sustainable development (Patricia Rojas, Sergio Sepúlveda, 1999).
According to Cuervo (1993), Fernández (1993, Salas (1993), and Galán and Vecino (1997), the competitiveness is conformed by: a) Macroeconomics: Correlations among the economic issued that affect the competitiveness of firms, such as exports, interet rates, exchange rates, inflation, employment, and supply and demand of the economy. b) Free Market: Best known as open market, out of monopolies that affect the competitiveness of firms, such as supply and demand, commerce of goods and services in a competitive market. a) Entrepeneurship: Also known as the competitiveness of firms as a result of their inner organizations and productivity, cutting edge technology and some other cultural features Michael Porter defines competitiveness as added value that is produced per labor unit. This conceptualization refers to firms where added value is produced in a gven market. Thus, from a macroeonomics approach the national diamond is referred to as the production factors that determine the national competitiveness, This diamond is drafted up by Porter as follows:  Porter (1990), establishing four factors that determine the level of competitiveness of a given firm.
The figure is taken by Porter (1990) improve, translated into better capacities for the firms, organizationsl skills and entrepeneurship and know how, generally speaking As a primary objective, the presente article is is intended to probe Porter' s Model, competitiveness as a function of Technology, Exports and Trade.
As secondary objective, it was run three lineal regressions in SPSS in order to prove Porter's Model, reaching put for the best goodness of fitness.

METHODS
The methods applied to competitiveness measure exports, trade, and technology. The last three variables are independent. The linear regression approaches use SPSS to explain proportional relations, covariances matrix, descriptive analysis and distribution diagrams. The linel regression allows us to establish the correlation among the variables in a given equation. It is also a known as multiple regression whe it comes multiple variables that explain a single one.
In order to measure competitiveness, this work explains in a multiple regression analysis, the goodness of fitness in experimental designs. Thus, that means how near are the events from a regression line, which is known as goodness of fitness.
The methodology used a correlation matrix with all of the variables, the independent and the dependent variables, giving a a result R2 equal 0.27. which shows in what way the dependent variable is explained by the independent variables.
In order to do an analysis of experimental designs, it was necessary to run a second lineal regression with no all independent variables as in the first regression. Thus, technology is set out of the model, so that comericialization and exports determine competitiveness. A third one regression was to explain how competitiveness is explained by technology only.
In the model number 1, it is showed that there are some residuals presenting homostedasticity due that the residual are equally distribuited all along the goodness of fitness. The composition of the variables are: compettiveness, which is defines the quantity of dollars as a result of a sustainable economic growth, technology, defines as the capacity of innovation of firms in the production process, commercialization, defined as the number of transactions inside or outside a given región. Finally, the exports, defined as those transactions to the rest of the region.

Revista
It is important to point out that for the purpose of this paper, the commercialization will be the transactions made inside the región between the firms and exports outside the región. Thus, there will be a downgrade relationship between commercialization and exports, as shows in SPSS.
The number of events are the several firms located at the agroindustrial mennonite community of Cuauhtémoc, Chihuahua, Mexico. The number of firms were 303, in the economic sectors of cooper, woodens, commodities, groceries and milky products.  The regression of matrix show a proportional upgrade relationsship between commercialization and technology, and the commercialization and exports.

Competitiveness
The level of which the dependent variable is explained by the independent variable (competitiveness), in this case R2, and the Durbin Watson is explained by the proportion of variables that come out of the model and they try to explain how far the tendencies are fara way from the goodness of fitness. The frequency distribution of co mpetitiveness is 0.997. The correlations features portrays direct relantionships between the commercialization and the number of exports which is barely 0.314. Thus, there is no relationship at all between these two variables, so, in that term, seemingly and as the case might be, some products are domestic trade and some others are out of town, turning into exports. The frequency distribution by firm fits into a normal distribution with standard deviartion of 0.997

Coefficient Correlations a
As observed, the residual scatterplots found a linear regression and exports tendecies are as expected. The frequency distribution has a standard deviation that equals the latter run and it is observed an slightly distribution towards minus cero.

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The scatter plot funnel is merely concentrated towards the godness of fitness, which is the best one model that perfectly explains the theory of competitiveness betwenn two variables

CONCLUSIONS
The three models are adjusted to the godness of fitness. Thus, three models could explain the Porter's theory in terms of competitiveness of agribusiness sectors depending on exports, technology use, and commercialization.