X In vitro induction and growth of friable callus of Jatropha curcas L. (non-toxic ecotype)
Keywords:
Non-toxic ecotype, Jatropha curcas L., axenic embryos, callus inductionAbstract
A protocol for callus induction was developed in two non-toxic accessions of J. curcas. It was performed two experiments. The first one was established to determine the best disinfection seed method to obtaining aseptic explants. To do this a factorial experiment was conducted by duplicate, using 10 replicates, to evaluate the effect of four concentrations of sodium hypochlorite (0%, 10%, 15% and 30%) and three exposure times (15, 20 and 30 minutes) on the in vitro contamination levels of two accessions (I-27 and I-34). A second experiment was performed with the objective to evaluate the effect of four 2,4-D concentrations (0.00, 2.2, 3.3 and 4.5 µM) on callus induction using a factorial experimental design with 12 treatments. It was found significant differences among the disinfection treatments. The accession I-34 exposed to 30% of sodium hypochlorite for 15 minutes was the best treatment because produced 75% axenic embryos. It was also observed significate differences among the 2, 4 treatments. The best treatment to induce viable callus was observed when hypocotyls of the I-34 accession were exposed to 4.5 μM of 2,4-D. Our results showed a differential response in the callus formation between accessions evaluated. I-34 was the accession with the highest rate of callus formation. The results of the GLM test showed the existence of statistical significance in the 3-level interaction. It was found that the use of 4.5 M of 2, 4-D in hypocotyls of I-34 accession was the most effective treatment to callus induction. The 2,4-D concentration was the most influential factor for callus induction since it was the only significant main factor in the 2-level interaction s. Therefore, it is recommended to use these results in the plant breeding programs which are being developed in this important crop.
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