Long-term Water Requirements of Walnut with Satellite Images in the Central-South region of the state of Chihuahua
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47808/revistabioagro.v9i1.353Keywords:
Supply, multi-time analysis, demand, Carya illinoinensisAbstract
Currently one of the important factors for all human activity is water. Chihuahua, being a large producer of walnuts and one of the main exporters worldwide, demands a large part of water for its production. However, the overexploitation of the surface and underground basins is an alert for the study, calculation and administration of the sources of water extraction. In this study, satellite images were used to estimate the water requirements of walnut orchards through comparisons of growth and new cultivated areas in images from 2005 and 2017 to verify the increase they have had in the last 12 years; Field tests, interviews with both producers and modules of the Irrigation District 005 were taken in the same way to obtain the volumes of water necessary for the Nogalera region that comprise modules 05, 06 and 09 of the municipalities of Delicias, Rosales and Meoqui. The results show an increase in the area occupied by walnut, estimating an annual water consumption per hectare of around 13, 10 ½ and 4 million m3 for the municipalities of Delicias, Rosales and Meoqui respectively. In addition, it is observed that in the Meoqui-Delicias aquifer a greater water discharge is generated than the recharge of the mantle. The foregoing shows that the lower supply of the aquifer and its growing discharge will generate a shortage of water for the Nogalera region in future years.
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Copyright (c) 2021 Dania Gabriela Salcido Mundo, Bertha Alicia Rivas Lucero, Hugo Armando Morales Morales, Walter Alberto Márquez Fierro y José Javier Hermosillo Nieto
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