Comparison of different extracts, their lethal dose 50 in brine Shrimp and the chemical composition of Granjel (Celtis pallida Torr.)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47808/revistabioagro.v10i1.397Keywords:
Plant, toxicity, polyphenols, fatty acidsAbstract
Currently, plants are considered as an alternative for phytotherapy and traditional medicine due to the high cost of allopathic treatments. The search for new medicines has been carried out in a wide diversity of plants, experiencing an important growth in their use for curative and preventive purposes and even associated with other drugs.
In this research, the root and fruit of Granjel (Celtis pallida Torr.) were crushed and used in Soxhlet extraction methods, with different solvents. Ultrasound extractions were also performed to find secondary metabolites that may present biological activity. The fatty acid composition was determined by chromatographic analysis by the Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo (CIAD) Delicias branch. A toxicity bioassay was performed on brine Shrimp, a useful tool for the preliminary determination of toxicity of plant extracts and its quantification of the mean lethal concentration (LD50).
Based on the results obtained, it is observed that the fruit and root extracts with ether and chloroform solvents present a plasticizing consistency and that the polar solvents present a higher extraction percentage than the less polar ones. The medium fruit extract, obtained by ultrasound, showed the highest amount of polyphenols. The presence of saturated, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids was determined in the chromatographic analysis. It is concluded that the fruit extract + methanol obtained lower toxicity with a LD50 of 217.8, being classified as moderately toxic.
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